This study was designed to determine the effect of carotid endarterectomy/angioplasty on early (baseline vs. 3 months) and late (baseline vs. >5 months) cognitive function in patients with asymptomatic lesions. This systematic research included 31 non-randomized studies. Regarding the immediate post-operative period, 24 of these papers reported significant improvement in cognitive function; one study reported significant deterioration;…