Procedural Complexity Affects Decision-Making Regarding DAPT Duration

DAPT durationMuch of the speculation around the way of individualizing dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration after coronary angioplasty has focused on clinical parameters (e. g., diabetes), but a new study published by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology (JACC) and presented at the last European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress warns about anatomical factors as event predictors that might help determine dual antiplatelet therapy duration.

 

In early 2016, the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) published an update on guidelines focused on DAPT duration based on results from the DAPT Study and PEGASUS TIMI 54. These guidelines basically shortened the length of dual antiplatelet therapy from 12 months to 6 months for most patients, while warning about the importance of clinical judgment:

  • To extend treatment for over a year in patients with a higher risk of ischemic events.
  • To shorten treatment to less than 6 months in patients with a higher risk of bleeding.

 

Additionally, the DAPT Score was introduced. This tool takes into account patient age, diabetes status, smoking habits, angioplasty history, myocardial infarction history, heart failure, primary angioplasty, vein-graft angioplasty, and stent diameter, in order to single out patients who should undergo extended DAPT.

 

The criteria for selecting patients for short (3 to 6 months) or extended (at least a year) treatment used in this study are completely different from those applied so far.

 

In that sense, 9577 patients were stratified by whether they had undergone complex or simple angioplasty. This was assessed taking into account the following:

  • Whether 3 vessels were treated.
  • Whether at least 3 stents were implanted.
  • Whether at least 3 lesions were treated.
  • Whether there was a bifurcation lesion with 2 stents implanted.
  • Whether total stent length was >60 mm or there was chronic total occlusion.

 

Overall, combined events in patients who underwent more complex procedures almost doubled the number of events in patients with simpler procedures, which was fairly obvious.

 

Novelty resided in the fact that patients who underwent complex angioplasty and received extended dual antiplatelet therapy presented a significant reduction in the number of events compared to patients with short dual antiplatelet therapy (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.89), while, in patients who underwent simple angioplasty, treatment duration showed no significant differences (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.75-1.35; interaction p = 0.01).

 

The more complex the procedure, the higher the benefit of extending DAPT duration—as well as the risk of bleeding. Bleeding was not specifically related to procedural complexity.

 

Conclusion

Alongside other well-established clinical risk factors, procedural complexity is an important parameter that should be taken into account when deciding dual antiplatelet therapy duration.

 

Original title: Efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy after complex PCI.

Reference: Giustino G et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;Epub ahead of print.

 

We are interested in your opinion. Please, leave your comments, thoughts, questions, etc., below. They will be most welcome.

More articles by this author

Radial Patency in Coronary Procedures: Is Heparin Enough or Should We Aim for Distal Transradial Access?

Transradial access is the preferred route in most coronary procedures due to its proven reduction in mortality compared to transfemoral access. However, one of...

SMART-CHOICE 3 | Efficacy and Safety of Clopidogrel vs Aspirin Monotherapy in High Risk Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Courtesy of Dr. Juan Manuel Pérez. After post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) standard duration dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), the optimal long term monotherapy strategy is...

iFR- vs. FFR-Guided Coronary Revascularization: 5-Year Clinical Outcomes

The assessment of coronary stenosis using coronary physiology has become a key tool in guiding revascularization. The two most widely used techniques are fractional...

Patients at High Risk of Bleeding After Coronary Angioplasty: Are Risk Assessment Tools ARC-HBR and PRECISE-DAPT Useful?

Patients undergoing coronary stenting typically receive dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for 6 to 12 months, consisting of a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor and aspirin. While DAPT...

LEAVE A REPLY

Please enter your comment!
Please enter your name here

Related Articles

SOLACI Sessionsspot_img

Recent Articles

Percutaneous Tricuspid Valve Replacement with Lux-Valve

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a condition associated with poor quality of life, frequent hospitalizations due to heart failure, and increased mortality, even under optimal...

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Implantation with a Self-Expanding Valve: Outcomes at 3 Years

Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is a common condition in patients who have undergone surgical repair of Tetralogy of Fallot or other pathologies involving the right...

Radial Patency in Coronary Procedures: Is Heparin Enough or Should We Aim for Distal Transradial Access?

Transradial access is the preferred route in most coronary procedures due to its proven reduction in mortality compared to transfemoral access. However, one of...