The risk of stroke is inherent to TAVR and, apart from clinically manifest events, there is abundant evidence of cerebral embolic lesions during TAVR provided by studies using diffusion weighted MRI or transcranial doppler ultrasound. Several devices have been developed to reduce the risk of stroke, though they have been assessed by relatively small trials…
EuroPCR 2018 | NOTION: Good TAVR Durability Compared with Surgically-Implanted Valve in Low-Risk Patients
Several studies are defining the role of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with low surgical risk. One of the main concerns for this population, whose life expectancy is much longer, has to do with TAVR durability compared with a surgically-implanted biological valves. The Nordic Aortic Valve Intervention (NOTION) trial was the first study…
Is TAVR Durable Beyond 5 Years?
Courtesy of Dr. Carlos Fava. The benefits derived from transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are clear and self-evident, and its progressively better outcomes are due to better patient selection, greater operator experience, and the development of new valves that enhance procedural safety and complexity. However, the question of durability remains a major unresolved issue, particularly now…
Baseline Pulmonary Hypertension Should Not Preclude TAVR
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) should not preclude this procedure. In fact, TAVR will resolve this condition in most cases. More than three quarters of patients undergoing TAVR have some level of PH, though this has not been associated to increased mortality, according to this…
Liver Failure as a Challenge for TAVR
Although surgical risk scores do not include liver failure (LF), patients who suffer from it and undergo cardiovascular surgery present high rates of morbidity and mortality. This is due to alteration of cardiac function, increased infection susceptibility, gastrointestinal complications, and increased bleeding. As regards transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), these patients have not been included…
TAVR with Prior MRS: A New Challenge
The benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for high-risk, prohibitive-risk (class I) or intermediate-risk (class IIa) patients have already been proven, but there is a growing population of patients with a history of myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) who experience severe aortic stenosis. Decision-making in these cases is anything but simple, mainly due to the presence of…
Bicuspid Valves Do Not Increase Mortality in TAVR
The frequency of bicuspid aortic valves (BcAV) are around 1%, but in 60+ patients it is associated to severe aortic stenosis. Even though surgery is the standard treatment, TAVR is the “off label” indication in high risk patients. BcAV presents differences with tricuspids given that it is more elliptic, has asymmetric calcification and more…
We Should Consider Mitral Stenosis Before TAVR
The association between aortic stenosis and some degree of mitral stenosis (MS) is around 10% (depending on the series), and it is related with negative outcomes. In high-risk and inoperable patients who underwent TAVR, that association and its significance have not been studied yet. The study analyzed data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American…
Morbidity and Mortality During Authorization Wait-Times for TAVR
For this Canada-based study, the increased number of patients who required a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) may have come hand in hand with an equal increase in healthcare financing, so as to cover procedural costs. In spite of that, the wait-time between the formal request for authorization and the actual procedure was 3 months, and…
Do the Best Coronary Revascularization Prior TAVR
The presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with aortic stenosis is high, reaching 50% to70% of cases. This poses a great challenge as to what strategy to use and the things we can do. Even though it has been shown complete revascularization is beneficial, it is often difficult to achieve. Instead, reasonable incomplete…
TAVR in Patients with Classical Low Flow, Low Gradient
Classical symptomatic low-flow, low-gradient (LFLG) severe aortic stenosis is associated with low survival rates at 3 years (<50%). However, in the medium term and with surgery, those rates improve (although mortality rates are 6%-30%, depending on the series). In patients without contractile reserve, surgical mortality is higher. Patient evolution in TAVR is still mostly unclear. …